International media sources have reported recently that Royal Moroccan Air Force (RMAF) has acquired the three ‘Harfang’ unmanned aircraft systems retired by the French Air Force after several years of service in Afghanistan. The Harfang, which is based on the Israeli IAI/Malat Heron-I system and deployed with the ‘Armee de’Lair’ in 2008, was delivered by EADS (Now Airbus Defense & Space), under the Eagle I cooperative development with Israel Aerospace Industries.
Morocco and France have long established military cooperation, although in recent years Rabat has aligned closer to the US, procuring a range of new military systems, including F-16C/D Block 52 jet fighters, along with the latest air/air and air/ground weaponry, M-1A1 Main Battle Tanks and the Predator UAS.
Morocco is regarded an important stronghold in West Africa, in the effort to push al-Qaeda in the Magreb (AQIM) from its power bases in the Sahara. To combat irregular forces in the Sahara, Morocco has developed a significant reconnaissance and strike force, in which drones are becoming an important part. The agreement to transfer drones to Morocco is therefore a manifest to the level of support the country has among major powers.
In recent months France has deployed two General Atomics Reaper (MQ-9) unmanned aircraft systems which were delivered from systems originally destined for the US Air Force. France required the American UAS to support operations in Africa, where it claimed the Harfang was not suitable to support those operations, but Harfang has been operating in Mali since 18 January 2013 and have logged over 2000 flight hours operating with 1/33 Belfort UAV squadron from the Niamey airport in Niger, supporting Operation SERVAL.
According to media sources, the transfer of the Harfang to the Royal Moroccan Air Force was sealed in the spring of 2013. The three airframes that remained in French service were transferred with their EO payloads, datalinks and satellite communications, part of which was integrated in France by EADS. In addition to the three Herons, the RMAF also operates four General Atomics Predator XPs, believed to have been supplied directly from the USA. According to some sources, Morocco could receive additional UAS sustaining the operation of the three systems acquired under the tripartite deal.